Definition, Functions, Types, and How Routing Works
UNDERSTANDING ROUTING
The general understanding of routing or routing is a process in which packets forward the network from one network to another via the internet. Routing or routing can also refer to the way multiple networks are connected so that internet networks can be transmitted from one network to another. A network device called a router is used to receive packets destined for a network outside the first network and will forward the received packets to other routers until they reach their destination.
For example, what is the
size of the network such as the available bandwidth, the computing power in the
router, the make and model of the router, and the protocols used in the
network. Routing can also be defined as the process by which routers forward
packets to the destination network. The router decides based on the packet's
destination IP address. Normally, all routers use IP addresses for the purpose
of sending packets
Then, for routing decisions to be correct, routers must learn how to achieve those goals. When a router uses dynamic routing, this information is obtained from other routers. When using static routing, the network administrator manually configures the network information to be routed. Here you have to configure it manually, and the network administrator must enter or remove static routing if the topology changes. If you continue to use static routing on a large network, updating the routing table will be a waste of time for the network administrator. Therefore, static routing is only possible for small networks. In dynamic routing, this can be implemented on a fairly large network and requires more capabilities from the administrator.
ROUTING FUNCTION
The function of routing is to connect other network segments to transmit data packets. Routing is important to understand because it is useful to know the basics of a network. By learning this routing method, you can configure two or more routes to connect to each other and send ping messages. So you could say routing is very useful for today's computers. Thanks to the routing process, computers can forward messages and send data accurately to other computers that are far away.
ROUTING TYPE
Based on the
delivery of data packets, the type of routing is divided into two, namely
direct routing and indirect routing. Direct Routing is a direct address to the
destination address without going through another host. Example: IP 192.168.1.1
sends data to a computer with the address 192.168. 1.2
Indirect Routing is an address that must
pass through a different host address before going to the destination host
address. For example, a computer with the address 192.168.1.3 sends data to a
computer with the address 192.168.1.4 but before the computer sends to the
address 192.168.1.4 the data is sent first through the host with the address
192.168.1.5, then proceeds to the destination host address.
Routing has 3
types of configuration, namely:
1. Minimum Routing is a simple routing
process and only in the local area.
2. Static routing is routing performed
manually by the network administrator. It can be said that this static routing
is the simplest that can be done on a computer network. Using static routing
means populating every entry in the forwarding table on every router on the
network.
3. Dynamic routing is routing that is done
automatically by the router. This router can create a routing table
automatically by listening to traffic on a network and communicating with other
routers.
HOW ROUTING WORKS
Basically, the way
routing works is like TCP / IP on a computer network. TCP or IP serves as the
address for sending data packets to reach the intended address. TCP/IP tasks
are divided from sending data packets to receiving data packets in the system.
In this way, if there is a problem with sending data packets, it can be
resolved properly. Routing is the process by which data reaches its destination
on a computer network. The basic concept of routing is at the TCP/IP network
layer. At this layer, the process of assigning addresses to each computer user
will take place. Usually, data that has already been sent from the device will
be sent in the form of a datagram, which is a data packet known as IP. In this
datagram, it usually has the delivery destination address on the data packet.
IP then checks the address on the data packet, which is then sent to the
destination device. The destination of this datagram is on the same network as
the original device, the data will be sent immediately. However, if the destination
data address is not on the same network, it will be redirected to another, more
suitable router
